Black Holes Essential Facts ,The National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Black holes are among the most mysterious cosmic objects, much studied but not fully understood. These objects aren’t really holes.
- Black holes are huge concentrations of matter packed into very tiny spaces.
- A black hole is so dense that gravity just beneath its surface, the event horizon, is strong enough that nothing – not even light – can escape.
- The event horizon isn’t a surface like Earth’s or even the Sun’s.
- It’s a boundary that contains all the matter that makes up the black hole.
There is much we don’t know about black holes, like what matter looks like inside their event horizons. However, there is a lot that scientists do know about black holes.
Essential Black Hole Facts
1 CLOSEST. The closest to Earth known black hole, called Gaia BH1, is about 1,500 light-years away. If an astronaut travels the speed of light travel will take 1,500 years
2 FARTHEST. The farthest from Earth black hole detected, at the center of a galaxy called QSO J0313-1806, is around 13 billion light-years away.
3 BIGGEST. The most massive black hole observed, TON 618, tips the scales at 66 billion times the Sun’s mass.
4 SMALLEST. The lightest-known black hole is only 3.8 times the Sun’s mass. It’s paired up with a s
5 SPAGHETTIFICATION. A real term that describes what happens when matter gets too close to a black hole. It’s squeezed horizontally and stretched vertically, resembling a noodle.
6 SPIN. All black holes spin. The fastest-known – named GRS 1915+105 – clocks in at over 1,000 rotations per second.
7 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS. Monster black holes at the centers of galaxies can launch particles to near light speed
8 GRAVITY'S THE SAME. If you replaced the Sun with a black hole of the same mass, the solar system would get a lot colder, but the planets would stay in their orbits.
9 STAR BOOMS. One type of black hole is born when massive stars run out of fuel and explode in supernovae.
10 NOT SO RARE. Most Milky Way-sized galaxies have monster black holes at their centers. Our Milky Way black hole is called Sagittarius A* (pronounced ey-star), and it’s 4 million times the Sun’s mass.
The purpose of the black hole at the center of our Milky Way Galaxy, relative to our ability to sit here and discuss them, is basically to hold the Milky Way Galaxy, the galactic disk, together.
Finding Black Holes
Black holes don’t emit or reflect light, making them effectively invisible to telescopes. Scientists primarily detect and study them based on how they affect their surroundings:
- Black holes can be surrounded by rings of gas and dust, called accretion disks, that emit light across many wavelengths, including X-rays.
- A supermassive black hole’s intense gravity can cause stars to orbit around it in a particular way. Astronomers tracked the orbits of several stars near the center of the Milky Way to prove it houses
- a supermassive black hole, a discovery that won the 2020 Nobel Prize.
- When very massive objects accelerate through space, they create ripples in the fabric of space-time called gravitational waves. Scientists can detect some of these by the ripples’ effect on detectors.
- Massive objects like black holes can bend and distort light from more distant objects. This effect, called gravitational lensing, can be used to find isolated black holes that are otherwise invisible.
- Black Holes Are Not ...Wormholes. They don’t provide shortcuts between different points in space, or portals to other dimensions or universes.
- Cosmic vacuum cleaners. Black holes don’t suck in other matter. From far enough away, their gravitational effects are just like those of other objects of the same mass.
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration: The ‘event horizon’ is the boundary defining the region of space around a black hole from which nothing (not even light) can escape. In other words, the escape velocity for an object within the event horizon exceeds the speed of light. The name arises since it is impossible to observe any event taking place inside it – it is a horizon beyond which we cannot see.
The event horizon therefore effectively hides the singularity at the centre of the black hole, a boon for Astrophysicsts discomforted by the breakdown of the laws of physics at such a point. The cosmic censorship conjecture states that all singularities are hidden by an event horizon and this failure of the laws of physics is not observable.
In theory, any mass can be compressed sufficiently to form a black hole. The only requirement is that its physical size must be less than the radius of the event horizon. For example, our Sun would become a black hole if its mass was contained within a sphere about 2.5 km across. [ COSMOS - The SAO Encyclopedia of Astronomy › E ]
Similar to the Event Horizons' space around a black hole, the Human Brain Neurons' Microtubule Event Horizons effectively hide and protect the delicate Hameroff-Penrose ORCH OR Reduction Quantum processes in the center of the Microtubule and seemingly by-pass the laws of physics, because the processes are characterized by the formation of Universal Scale Invariant Consciousness and Quantum “Qubits” of Information and Directions for Neurophysiological Electromagnetic and Vibrational beat frequency transmissions.
Consciousness workspaces, like black hole workspaces, are shielded by a protective barrier, called an event Horizon. Human Brain Consciousness protective barrier workspace processes and Black Hole protective barrier workspace processes in the Cosmos convert sensory signal coherent energy waves into useful synchronized coherent energy waves triggering the required resultant actions.
Maximal Sensory Stimulation, Perception, Organization, Gating, Assembly and Integration that triggers a 'Maximally Complex Energy State” (“Scale Invariant”) indicate an Event Horizon in the Human Brain.
- Consciousness in the Universe and in Human Minds, Brains and Human Souls’ Neuronetworks
- receive Maximal Sensory Stimulation,
- which then involves Maximal Perception, Organization, Evaluation and Integration,
- traversing ‘Reversible and Multidirectional Quantum Logic Gates’
- all of which trigger 'Maximally Complex Energy States",
- which perform real time and memory Cosmological and Neurological capabilities and functions
- in our Universe and Human Neuroanatomy.
- “These imply ‘introspective, philosophical and contemplative states’ and involve subjective ‘feelings’ of past, present and future events.” [NeuroQuantology, September 2017, Volume 15 Issue 3 Page 41-79 doi: 10.14704/nq.2017.15.3.1079 K.F. Meijer D., Consciousness in the Universe is Scale Invariant and Implies an Event Horizon of the Human Brain... eISSN 1303-5150 www.neuroquantology.com 65]
"In physics, mathematics and statistics, Scale Invariance is a feature of objects or laws that do not change if scales of length, energy, or other variables, are multiplied by a common factor and thus represent a universality. In quantum field theory, scale invariance has an interpretation in terms of particle physics. In a scale-invariant theory, the strength of particle interactions does not depend on the energy of the particles involved."
"Major breakthroughs in the study of the physics of consciousness—and information dynamics in general---are occurring through the discovery and elucidation of holographic and fractal principles underlying fundamental properties of nature. For instance, in a fractal organization the degree of complexity of a system is scale-free, or invariant under any translation of magnitude. This means that one can “zoom in” or “zoom out” forever and the same degree of complexity will be observed---patterns of patterns reiterate ad infinitum. This has implications for the science of consciousness, as it is often assumed that consciousness emerges in a system once it reaches a significant threshold of complexity and integration, 'Maximally Complex Energy State” . Yet, if the complexity is scale-invariant, is it not possible that the same information processes engendering consciousness at one observable domain are occurring at smaller scales as well?
"The recent study examines evidence for the scale-free nature of consciousness in which toroidal geometry---like the well-known double-torus---can model consciousness at all fractal levels of the universe and how it comes together in the human cognitive system as a holographic workspace within the brain, a “brain event horizon”. [A New Study Examines How Consciousness in the Universe is Scale Invariant and Implies an Event Horizon of the Human Brain, Resonance Science Foundation]
“Consciousness requires a graded complexity of life systems to deal with the requirements of multi-tasking and ecological maintenance...“Consciousness, therefore, is not only a human faculty and implies a reflective state that both involves information integration as well as subjectively ”feeling” of past and future events. It requires a graded complexity of life systems to deal with the requirements of multi-tasking and ecological maintenance. This cognitive structure is build up out of coded coherent information in our brain, that is constantly adapted and renewed through integration and superposition of wave information (Meijer, 2015, Geesink and Meijer, 2016a and b).
A central item in brain research is the question whether consciousness should be conceived solely as an emergent phenomenon, as related to the extreme neurological complexity of the brain or rather that the central nervous system is embedded in a much wider context in which it also receives (quantum) wave information, parlty unrelated to the known senses.
The latter aspect promotes a collective and coherent behavior that can lead to flux-maximization. A dynamic electromagnetic network was earlier revealed bu us in a meta-analysis of 250 biological/medical studies that showed discrete EM frequency bands that promote or sustain life conditions (Geesink and Meijer, 2015, 2017; Meijer and Geesink, 2016, 2017). The interplay of such discrete electromagnetic radiation frequencies in the guiding of cellular function, also makes clear that life systems can, in principle, obtain sufficient external information to further explain their integral life complexity. A torus model was proposed in these studies for a coupled bio-photon/phonon/soliton guided life principle, (Geesink, Meijer, 2015, 2016).
"Top- down resonance. It has been proposed by others (Lehar, 2003 2008) that a global (nonlocal) standing wave patterns in the brain exhibit a top-down operating harmonic resonance property of neuro-computation, that encodes complex spatial patterns in the brain and induces the synchronicity of neuronal networks required for conscious perception.7). Enzymatic hydrolysis of extracellular pyrophosphate, in which phosphorus atoms can be in a quantum entangled singlet state (*P), results in quantum entangled phosphates at distant sites in the brain. This occurs since the entangled phosphates are incorporated into, so called, quantum entangled Posner-molecules, complexed with multiple Ca2+ ions. Two pairs of such Posner molecules can undergo binding reactions to form quantum entangled Posner dimers.
"Figure 7. Quantum coherence in the human brain: quantum entangled phosphate groups (C) exhibit nuclear spin that is remarkably resistant towards decoherence in wet and warm tissue of the brain. Ca- pyrophosphate complexes (A) in extracellular space are endocytosed by neuronal transporters by which entangled spin information is distributed throughout the brain (B). After uptake in neuronal space and breakdown of the complexes, massive release of Ca2+is generated, that in its turn affects neuronal glutamate information processing in a non-local entangled modality.
“In what form is the particular information send and also how is the received information in the cortex integrated to conscious moments with meaning? We propose that such a complex phenomenon requires an internal, information integrating, workspace, in which the broadcasted information can be put into the context of the entire memory space of the organism.
“It may also function as a workspace that is instrumental in top-down predictive coding, in generating representations of past and potential future events. Thereby it may stabilize sensory input in an attempt to minimize error prediction of free energy, as proposed for a default-mode network of the hierarchic organized and wave- interference apparatus of the brain (Carhart-Harris and Friston, 2010; Sengupta et al, 2013), that is build up during life. Yet, our model differs from the supposed default mode system since it is placed in a 4-D setting instead of a 3-D brain neuronal network. Of note, as an alternative for discrete brain networks, a system of cortico-thalamic eigen modes was proposed by Robinson et al, 2016, which is in line with the toroidal electromagnetic eigen values, identified by us (Meijer and Geesink, 2017) [NeuroQuantology, September 2017,
Volume 15 Issue 3 Page 41-79 doi: 10.14704/nq.2017.15.3.1079 K.F. Meijer D., Consciousness in the Universe is Scale Invariant and Implies an Event Horizon of the Human Brain... eISSN 1303-5150 www.neuroquantology.com 65]
Relation with Connectome: A “Connectome is a comprehensive map of neural connections in the brain, and may be thought of as its "wiring diagram. The ultimate goal of connectomics is to map the human brain. This effort is pursued by the Human Connectome Project, sponsored by the National Institutes of Health (NIH), whose focus is to build a network map of the human brain in healthy, living adults ) and default brain networks." [ Horn A, Ostwald D, Reisert M, Blankenburg F (November 2014). "The structural-functional connectome and the default mode network of the human brain". NeuroImage. 102 Pt 1: 142 51. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.09.069. PMID 24099851.] [Wikipedia]
Interconnectedness of the entire Universe, including the Human Brain, is a broader view of connectome connectedness. The natural candidate for such a toroidal information flux domain in the brain is the spatially embedded network of the so called human connectome: a non-stationary, highly dynamical structure in the brain, characterized by complex topological geometry (Sporns et al, 2013; Carhart-Harris and Friston, 2010).
Scientists argued that cellular proteins are never alone, not only due to all kinds of molecular interactions in the crowded intracellular space, but also due to the external influence of short and long distance electromagnetic, as well as other type of force fields. Realizing that the extremely complex cell can be seen as a bundling of neg-entropic and life sustaining information, through an ongoing correlation with its environment, each life cell may have acquired a self-referential mode by which it is able to manage its needs, thereby obtaining problem-solving, “cognitive” abilities.
Such an “supervisory” unit associated with the cell could well be conceptualized as being created during the above-mentioned causal transition, in the form of an event horizon, field-receptive, workspace. This, since the holographic information storage is a universal mechanism, and in this case, being instrumental in order to effectively deal with the steadily rising complexity of evolutionary structures.
The Unconscious Connectome is always open for business. The Colostrum is the on-off switch for Consciousness within the Human Brain, which is turned on by triggers within the Human Brain. The Mind ‘Connectome’ is conscious and the ultimate Connectome, ‘Interconnectedness’, is joined with everything in the Universe.
“The postulation is that consciousness in the entire universe arises through, scale invariant, changeless, consistent, nested toroidal, doughnut-shaped, coupling of various energy fields, that may include quantum error correction.
“In the Human brain, this takes the form of the proposed holographic workspace, that collects active information in a ”brain event horizon” representing an internal and fully integral model of the self.” [NeuroQuantology, September 2017, Volume 15 Issue 3 Page 41-79 doi: 10.14704/nq.2017.15.3.1079 K.F. Meijer D., Consciousness in the Universe is Scale Invariant and Implies an Event Horizon of the Human Brain... eISSN 1303-5150 www.neuroquantology.com 65]
“Ernest Emery ‘Shine’ Richards, retired University of Maine System Telecommunications Transmission Engineer, has been researching bioenergetics and exploring the universe throughout his life. He presented his theories on instantaneous communications links with the Earth, its life-forms, the Galaxy and the whole Cosmos, from experiments on vibration measurement experiments that he found formed an image of human intimate connections to all of creation. Richards discovered that humans are vibrant, living, dancing holograms (three-dimensional image) of light with light vibrations of all known and measurable electromagnetic spectrum, including eye light reception.
“Humans radiate the ultra-violet and higher energies; streams of infrared waves flow between human bodies. The complexities of microwave information resonate and chat within the molecular and cellular structures of human bodies. The cellular chemical messengers circulate and form; dissipate to reform anew the delicate holographic instructions.” Interestingly, human body energy chats with other human body energies.
“Radio waves of ancient galaxies, neighboring stars and solar family planets rain and dance upon the Earth's umbrella-like energy belts, altering the intensity, selectively protecting the delicate organic forms. Slower and ever more powerful rhythms of planetary turnings, solar sprinklings, starry pulses, galactic tides and universal songs sweep through and around you every instant. The holographic body reverberates with the wind of electromagnetic light; every cell listens to the drum-beats, attunes its spiral DNA structure to the composition, and sings its own unique chord; inducing resonant vibrations throughout the cellular molecules.”
These radiations of electrical and magnetic waves of information move through space and our atmospheric environment. Some of our body structures exhibit a resonance matching the Earth's natural magnetic field, allowing certain rhythmic behavior as seen in human and other life-forms. 137. 138. 139.
“Billions of nerve impulses travel throughout the human brain and nervous system. A nerve impulse is a wave of electrical activity that passes from one end of nerve cell to another. For example, one energy frequency, the human body produces is infra-red radiation that, with night vision equipment, can be seen from miles away.” 141. “Brains produce electromagnetic waves of energy, when a person is awake or sleeping. These waves reflect the behavior (possibly thoughts eho) of the brain. A person’s brain waves can be detected and analyzed as they are emitted from the scalp. The EEG (electroencephalogram) is the objective measurement and description of this brain activity.” These are scientific facts, practiced daily by medical doctors. 142. -137. [The Geometry of Infinite Mind by Ernest Emery Richards] 138.[Cerebral Breathing by E. E. Richards] 139. [Earth Power Spectrum and Its Potential as a Usable Energy Source, Int Conf on Nonconventional Energy Technology, 1983, Colo Sp 1984, 1989, Columbus, OH 1996] 140. [A New Physics Theory of Life, by Natalie Wolchover, Quanta Magazine January 22, 2014] 141. [Spiritual Enterprise 2015] 142. [MindReflector, EEG driven experience] [Eutopia, Whistle While You Work, by Micheal B. Minix, Sr., M.D., July 1, 2015
“This brain-supervening workspace is equipped to convert integrated coherent wave energies into attractor type/standing waves that guide the related cortical template to a higher coordination of reflection and action as well as network synchronicity, as required for conscious states. In relation to its scale-invariant global character, we find support for a universal information matrix, that was extensively described earlier, as a supposed implicate order as well as in a spectrum of space-time theories in current physics.
This brain-supervening (receptive) sensory signal changing workspace protected by an event horizon is equipped to convert integrated coherent wave energies into attractor receptive interpretation, translation and transformation into a useful usable type/standing coherent wave energies that guide the related cortical template to a higher coordination of NeuroNetwork reflection and action as well as a synchronized network required for consciousness.
After receiving energy stimuli I.e. seeing, hearing, smelling, tasting, feeling, thinking and all others, the energy stimuli are transmitted like synchronized energy vibration musical instruments along NeuroNetworks to the Microtubules located in the cytoskeletons of Human Brain Neuron cells.
Human Brain receives incoming sensory signals and sends them to the microtubule for sensory stimuli transmission. Then the Multidirectional Memristors (Biological Transistors) ring down, transform the sensory signals, to useful physiological ‘Beat Frequencies’ I.e. pentatonic scale oscillations that sounds like Indian Music.
Indian Music Traditions INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE, 2023 National HERITAGE Board
Introduction Indian Music Traditions
There are 2 major traditions of Indian classical music. They are Carnatic music, a style associated with South India, and Hindustani music, a style associated with North India. It is unclear when the differentiation in the styles started, and the two traditions were considered distinct only during the 15th to 16th centuries.
Drawing from Hindu mythological and spiritual beliefs, Carnatic music is frequently played at temple festivals and as an accompaniment to bharatanatyam dance performance, while Hindustani music often accompanies the kathak dance.
Today, Indian classical music is performed at temples and festivals, and staged during productions by professional and amateur groups. There are also schools that offer classes on Indian music and dance.
In relation to its scale-invariant global character, we find support for a universal information matrix, that was extensively described earlier, as a supposed implicate order as well as in a spectrum of space-time theories in current physics. The presence of a field-receptive resonant workspace, associated with, but not reducible to, our brain, may provide an interpretation framework for widely reported, but poorly understood transpersonal conscious states and algorithmic interpretation and translation origin of life. It also points to the deep connection of mankind with the cosmos and our major responsibility for the future of our planet."[ NeuroQuantology | September 2017 | Volume 15 | Issue 3 | Page 41-79| doi: 10.14704/nq.2017.15.3.1079, K.F. Meijer D., Consciousness in the Universe is Scale Invariant and Implies an Event Horizon of the Human Brain... ]
The presence of a field-receptive resonant workspace, associated with, but not reducible to, our brain, may provide an interpretation framework for widely reported, but poorly understood transpersonal conscious states and algorithmic origin of life. It also points out the deep connection of mankind with the cosmos and our Consciousness in the Universe is Scale Invariantand Implies an Event Horizon of the Human Brain. [NeuroQuantology, September 2017, Volume 15 Issue 3 Page 41-79 doi: 0.14704/nq.2017.15.3.1079 K.F. Meijer D., Consciousness in the Universe is Scale Invariant and Implies an Event Horizon of the Human Brain... eISSN 1303-5150 www.neuroquantology.com 65]
ABSTRACT: "Our brain is not a “stand alone” information processing organ: it acts as a central part of our integral nervous system with recurrent information exchange with the entire organism and the cosmos. "
"In this study, the brain is conceived to be embedded in a holographic structured field that interacts with resonant sensitive structures in the various cell types in our body. In order to explain earlier reported ultra-rapid brain responses and effective operation of the meta-stable neural system, a field-receptive mental workspace is proposed to be communicating with the brain. Our integral nervous system is seen as a dedicated neural transmission and multi-cavity network that, in a non-dual manner, interacts with the proposed supervening meta-cognitive domain. Among others, it is integrating discrete patterns of eigen-frequencies of photonic/solitonic waves, thereby continuously updating a time-symmetric global memory space of the individual. Its toroidal organization allows the coupling of gravitational, dark energy, zero-point energy field (ZPE) as well as earth magnetic fields energies and transmits wave information into brain tissue, that thereby is instrumental in high speed conscious and sub-conscious information processing. We propose that the supposed field-receptive workspace, in a mutual interaction with the whole nervous system, generates self-consciousness and is conceived as operating from a 4th spatial dimension (hyper-sphere).
Its functional structure is adequately defined by the geometry of the torus, that is envisioned as a basic unit (operator) of space-time. The latter is instrumental in collecting the pattern of discrete soliton frequencies that provided an algorithm for coherent life processes, as earlier identified by us. It is postulated that consciousness in the entire universe arises through, scale invariant, nested toroidal coupling of various energy fields, that may include quantum error correction. In the brain of the human species, this takes the form of the proposed holographic workspace, that collects active information in a ”brain event horizon”, representing an internal and fully integral model of the self.
This brain-supervening workspace is equipped to convert integrated coherent wave energies into attractor type/standing waves that guide the related cortical template to a higher coordination of reflection and action as well as network synchronicity, as required for conscious states. In relation to its scale-invariant global character, we find support for a universal information matrix, that was extensively described earlier, as a supposed implicate order as well as in a spectrum of space-time theories in current physics. The presence of a field-receptive resonant workspace, associated with, but not reducible to, our brain, may provide an interpretation framework for widely reported, but poorly understood transpersonal conscious states and algorithmic origin of life. It also points out the deep connection of mankind with the cosmos and our major responsibility for the future of our planet. "
Key Words: Life algorithm, Scale invariant consciousness, Human Brain Event Horizon, 4-Dimensional brain modeling, Brain hypersphere, Supervening brain workspace, Universal Consciousness, Soliton-guided biology, Toroidal modeling, Field-receptive workspace of brain, Electromagnetic frequency bands, Cosmology and Consciousness, Fractal nested toroidal geometry, Bio-photons [ NeuroQuantology | September 2017 | Volume 15 | Issue 3 | Page 41-79| doi: 10.14704/nq.2017.15.3.1079, K.F. Meijer D., Consciousness in the Universe is Scale Invariant and Implies an Event Horizon of the Human Brain... ]
